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3C Tecnología. Glosas de innovación aplicadas a la pyme. ISSN: 2254 – 4143 Edición Especial Special Issue
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GARBAGE MONITORING SYSTEM USING GSM
Pandiaraj Kadarkarai
Assistant professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering.
Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnan koil, Tamilnadu, (India).
E-mail: pandiaraj@klu.ac.in
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-2172
Sivakumar Pothiraj
Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering.
Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnan koil, Tamilnadu, (India).
E-mail: siva@klu.ac.in
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1328-8093
Nandhini Venkatesakumaran
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering.
Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnan koil, Tamilnadu, (India).
E-mail: nandhinikumaran09@gmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6509-8334
Parkavi Seenivasan
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering.
Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnan koil, Tamilnadu, (India).
E-mail: parkavi030599@gmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2054-166X
Recepción:
16/10/2019
Aceptación:
28/09/2020
Publicación:
30/11/2021
Citación sugerida:
Kadarkarai, P., Pothiraj, S., Venkatesakumaran, N., y Seenivasan, P. (2021). Garbage monitoring
system using GSM. 3C Tecnología. Glosas de innovación aplicadas a la pyme, Edición Especial, (noviembre,
2021), 21-31. https://doi.org/10.17993/3ctecno.2021.specialissue8.21-31
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Noviembre 2021
ABSTRACT
All over the world waste management is a major problem. Many times, we see that the dustbin
placed at public places are overloaded. It creates unhygienic environment for the people. To
avoid such things, we have implemented a project known as “Garbage monitoring system
using GSM”. These dustbins are supplied with low price embedded device that helps in
tracking the amount of garbage in the bin. A unique ID is provided for each garbage can
which helps to identify the location and the status of the bin. These details will be sent to the
concern authorities, with the help of message an immediate action can be made to clean
the garbage in the dustbin. Garbage monitoring system is a new idea of implementation
which makes a normal dustbin smart using ultrasonic sensors for garbage level detection,
display and sending message to the concern department person updating the status of the
bin using GSM modem.
KEYWORDS
Arduino board, Ultrasonic sensor, GSM.
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Noviembre 2021
1. INTRODUCTION
In order to preserve the surroundings from all the rubbish that is spread over the world
which causes some harmful diseases in the surroundings, due to the accumulation of the
municipal solid waste it leads to environmental pollution. A proper maintenance of waste
is necessary for economical and eective removal of municipal solid waste. We tend to
introduce this idea of Garbage monitoring system using GSM. People are depositing their
waste within the garbage can. We are tting ultrasonic sensor, at the highest of garbage
can. Currently the ultrasonic sensor can sense the rubbish level (Jain & Bagherwal, 2017).
If garbage amount increases, shortly it'll reach the edge level. As shortly as the threshold
value is attained, automatically alert will be sent using GSM module to the registered range,
intimating that the rubbish value has reach the extent of about 5cm nearby ultrasonic
sensor.
The garbage cans are lled, and the data is sent to the concerned authority for the
further process. We used the GSM for the real time information. It is the main part of
the communication system which has less price, good performance and which can be
implemented easily. If any of the person is making an attempt to deposit their waste within
the garbage can, even though the threshold value crosses the range then the LED will glow.
This method helps to reduce amount of time used, fuel, and money. There will be lots of
rural places which can be benetted from this technique in future.
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1. EXISTING METHOD
Garbage has to be collected manually and periodically whether the dustbin is full or Not.
Drawbacks of the present method
• Less eective
• More time consumption
• Expenditure will be high
• Filthy atmosphere
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• It creates bad odor and causes health problems.
2.2. PROPOSED METHOD
The embedded system is widely used in many areas, but the work done by this system
will dier from place to place. The project explained here shows one of the uses of
microcontroller with GSM and ultrasonic sensor. There is no proper indication of garbage
level so the collections of waste in many areas are delayed which causes rotten smell and
spread many diseases.
In this paper the “garbage monitoring system using GSM” is introduced. Here the garbage
can place in remote areas are monitored through the sensor placed in the bin. To check
the status of the dustbin, ultrasonic sensor is used. As, it reaches the threshold level the
indication will be sent through GSM which is received by the android mobile which contains
the location of the dustbin.
Figure 1. Garbage monitoring system using GSM (Block Diagram).
Source: own elaboration.
WORKING
The device consists of ultrasonic sensor, the Arduino Uno microcontroller, and the GSM
module. Here we are going to discuss about the block diagram of the garbage monitoring
system.
A. HC-SR04 ULTRASONIC SENSOR
To determine the distance of an object, the ultrasonic sensor (HC-SR04) is used. It oers
excellent non-contact range from 2 cm to 400 cm or 1” to 13 feet and it detects with high
accuracy and stable readings, the status of the waste in the bin is detected with the help of
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this sensor and continues checking of garbage level takes place (Kumar et al., 2017). The
readings will be sent to Arduino which acts as system controller.
B. ARDUINO UNO
The Arduino UNO is supported with microchip ATmega328P microcontroller and it is
an open-source microcontroller board (Mirchandani et al., 2017; Dugdhe et al., 2016). The
board is provided with sets of digital and analog input/output pins that may be interfaced
with several alternative circuits and expansion boards.
The board has fourteen Digital pins, six Analog pins, and programmable with the Integrated
Development environment which helps to program the device according to the need. In
this project the Arduino board acts as the connector between the sensor and the GSM.
The data which is provided by ultrasonic sensor is processed in the Arduino board and the
command is sent to GSM.
The red LED which is connected to the Arduino board, as the garbage reaches certain level
the LED will glow.
C. GSM
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) is a digital cellular technology used for
transmission of mobile voice and data services which operates at the 850MHz, 900MHz,
1800MHz and 1900MHz frequency bands. In this project GSM is used to send the message
to the particular number after getting command from the Arduino board (Reddy et al.,
2017; Thakker & Narayanamoorthi, 2015). The message is sent as an indication to the
authorized number with the address and status of the bin.
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Noviembre 2021
Figure 2. Flow chart.
Source: own elaboration.
As the ow chart represent the ow of working of the project, the status of the dustbin
is checked continuously if the condition becomes true then the process goes to next level
otherwise it continues with its checking process. When the condition is true the indication
process starts, the LED which is present in the device glow and the message is sent to the
authorized person with the provided information the vehicle will reach the destination.
After the collection of the garbage the device will get reset.
3. RESULTS
In many areas, we can observe the dustbin has been lled. It is very unhygienic, and it will
create many diseases to the people in and around the world so, we have introduced a new
automated device called “GARBAGE MONITORING SYSTEM USING GSM”. This
device helps to clean the dustbin in time. To sense the level of the dustbin ultrasonic sensor
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is used (ie) (distance<5cm) and the signal will be sent to the Arduino. Thereby, the signal
will be sent to the GSM and the signal from GSM will be sent to the authorized person. In
addition to the message, the LED will be glow until the dustbin is cleaned. This device can
reduce the time consumption and transportation charge. After this device is implemented,
the human interaction will be reduced.
Figure 3. Dustbin is not lled.
Source: own elaboration.
Figure 4. The Dustbin is about to ll.
Source: own elaboration.
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3C Tecnología. Glosas de innovación aplicadas a la pyme. ISSN: 2254 – 4143 Edición Especial Special Issue
Noviembre 2021
4. CONCLUSIONS
For correct maintenance and correct observation of the waste, an Arduino based wise
alert system is devised. This method averts their regular cleanup of the garbage can by
sending caution messages to the particular number periodically and it helps in the cleaning
process in real time so this process can be considered as an outstanding performance for the
surroundings. In this process it diminishes the number of human resources needed. Thus,
the process of cleaning becomes faster compare to the manual process.
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